Provided are a plastic packaging material detection system and method based on the Internet of Things and cloud technology. The system includes : a cloud computing centre (3) which can realize data exchange and data storage and processing between a detection client and a detection laboratory, the cloud computing centre meaning a public cloud or a private cloud, the private cloud meaning that the client' s detection data will be stored as a separate data group in a private database server, and the public cloud meaning that the detection data of different clients are stored in the space of one and the same database server; and a detection system having the function of the Internet of Things, which can realize automatic acquisition, storage, parsing and transmission of detection information and detection data. The system organically integrates a test method, a detection instrument, modern logistics technology and a software system as a whole, and solves the technical problems that the existing instruments and equipment fail to realize mass storage of experimental data and Internet application while avoiding enterprise' s one-time investment for purchasing a detection instrument and constructing a laboratory itself.