The present invention relates to the pharmaceutical field, and in particular relates to a pharmaceutical composition and the use thereof. Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition, mainly comprising a first component and a second component, wherein the first component is a total saponin of astragalus, and the second component is a volatile oil of Angelica sinensis; or the first component is astragaloside, and the second component is ferulic acid. Also disclosed is the use of the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of a drug for preventing and/or treating atherosclerosis. The pharmaceutical composition has significant effects on decreasing serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum triglyceride, and increasing cardiac function and the ejection fraction; and hence the pharmaceutical composition has the effect of preventing or treating hyperlipemia, so as to further prevent and treat atherosclerosis and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.