Provided is a method for directional differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. The method comprises cultivating human pluripotent stem cells in a clearly-composed cell culture environment without exogenous hematopoietic cytokines, serum or stromal cells, and after the formation of the embryoid body, adding vascular endothelial growth factors and bone morphogenetic protein 4 and attaching the embryoid body to the surface covered with collagen IV to induce mesoderm differentiation, thereby generating hematopoietic progenitor cells and blood cells.