The present invention relates to amantadine nitrate compounds having neural protective effect, and preparation method and medical use thereof. The compounds have the structure of the general formula (I). The compounds have multifunctional mechanisms, including inhibiting NMDA receptors, releasing NO, inhibiting calcium influxes, and having protective effects on cells particularly neurocytes. The compounds can be used in the preparation of medicaments having a cellular protective effect, for prevention or treatment of the diseases related to such as NMDA receptors and elevation of calcium anions in cells, including the diseases related to neurodegeneration such as Alzheimer' s disease, Parkinson' s disease, cerebral paralysis and glaucoma, and the diseases related to cardio-cerebral-vascular system such as Parkinson' s syndrome combined with cerebral arteriosclerosis, as well as respiratory tract infections caused by influenza virus.