FIELD : medicine.SUBSTANCE : invention relates to medicine, in particular to a method for the differential diagnosis of fungal mycosis. To do this, analyze the patient' s biological material from the lesion and conduct immunohistochemical studies of biopsy specimens. Relative area of expression of CD83+ - and Langerin (CD207)+ - dendritic cells is determined. When determining the relative area of expression of Langerin-positive dendritic cells ≥0.9?% and the relative area of expression of CD83-positive dendritic cells ≥0.5?% diagnose fungal mycosis. At values below, a diagnosis of chronic benign disease is established. Invention provides for the differential diagnosis of fungal mycosis and chronic benign disease.EFFECT : increases the reliability and effectiveness of this diagnosis.1 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex