Disclosed is a workflow-based vibration spectrum analysis model optimization method. The method comprises : initializing and determining evaluation parameters of a vibration spectrum analysis model and an optimization object of the vibration spectrum analysis model, and carrying out permutation and combination on preprocessing methods and multivariate analysis methods to obtain method combinations; calculating hyper-parameters within the various method combinations and corresponding hyper-parameter space combinations; respectively inputting a training set into the various method combinations, and carrying out optimal calculation to determine optimal hyper-parameters of the method combinations; respectively inputting the training set for training to obtain model parameters so as to acquire various combination models; and inputting a test set into the various combination models, calculating evaluation parameters of the various combination models, and selecting an optimal model. According to the present invention, a workflow is established, avoiding tedious manual operation and subjective judgment, making full use of parallel computing resources, and providing a new system model optimization method that is not available in traditional spectrum analysis software.