The present invention generally relates to eutectic compositions comprising pharmaceutical agents and other beneficial substances, and in particular, to eutectic compositions where the pharmaceutical agent and beneficial substance forms a part of the eutectic composition. In one aspect, the pharmaceutical agent and beneficial substance defines part of the eutectic composition, i.e., rather than just being present within the eutectic composition. In one set of embodiments, at least about 20 mol% of the eutectic composition may comprise a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, for example, acetaminophen and choline chloride, respectively. However, in other embodiments, the pharmaceutical agent can be either donor or acceptor, and the other agent either donor or acceptor. Other aspects are generally directed to methods of making such compositions, methods of using such compositions, kits including such compositions, etc.