A cosmetic composition and a topical composition containing a resin-linear organopolysiloxane block copolymer are provided, which are excellent in compatibility with other cosmetic raw materials, so as to have a high degree of freedom in formulation design, excellent film forming properties and film following properties, and suppressed tackiness of the film. The resin-linear organopolysiloxane block copolymer contains a resin-linear organopolysiloxane block copolymer (A) having a structure in which a resin structure (A1) block having a siloxane unit represented by R1SiO3/2 (where R1 is a monovalent organic group, a hydroxyl group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) or by SiO4/2 and a linear structure (A2) block represented by (R2SiO2/2)n (where n is a number of 5 or more, R is an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, or an aryl group) are connected by a Si—O—Si bond and has an R1SiO3/2 unit.