The present invention relates to a composition for preventing, improving or treating drug-induced nephrotoxicity, the composition comprising oleanolic acid acetate as an active ingredient. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating drug-induced nephrotoxicity comprising oleanolic acid acetate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, a health functional food for preventing or improving drug-induced nephrotoxicity comprising the active ingredients, and an anticancer adjuvant comprising the active ingredients. The oleanolic acid acetate of the present invention is derived from a natural product and has no side effects and no cytotoxicity and has excellent effects of preventing, improving and treating nephrotoxicity caused by a drug, particularly a platinum-based anticancer drug, so that it can be utilized as a pharmaceutical composition, a health functional food, and a cancer adjuvant thereof.