The invention relates to the use of at least one strain of Lactobacillus plantarum in a method for increasing the numbers of Oscillospira spp. in a subject and preferably maintaining the increased numbers, the method comprising administering the at least one strain of Lactobacillus plantarum to the subject. Preferably, the uses and methods of the invention are used to treat a subject with dysbiosis of Oscillospira spp., especially those suffering from an associated disorder, syndrome or disease.